Akhand Bharat

STRATEGIC REVIEW OF JANTAR MANTAR PROTESTS

June – July 2026

 

The Jantar Mantar protests represent the complex kaleidoscope of an aspirational young generation’s dissatisfaction with geriatric political leadership, democratic realpolitik, and covert external intervention, against the alluring backdrop of an Akhand Bharat. – Col RS Sidhu

 

Backdrop

India in its earlier avatar of ‘Bharat’ was governed by a hereditary monarchy. In this model of governance, the society norms flowed from the ruler, as may be averred from the vernacular paraphrase, “Yatha Raja, Tatha Praja” (As is the King, so are the people).  

Today, India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, with a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-linguistic, and multi-religious civil society. Virtuous political leadership is the key to maintain balance in such a factitious political environment. 

However, in a democracy, where the reins of power are beholden to the will of the people, the political leadership reflects the behavioral norms of the citizens; “Yatha Praja, Tatha Raja” (As are the people, so is the governance). In the current pervasive materialism in civil society of India it is utopian to expect political leadership that is a paragon of virtue.    

The fact that nepotism and hereditary transfer of power is rife in most of the regional and national political parties, speaks volume of the state of Indian politics, and is the most telling commentary on the existing society mores.

Thus, it should not surprise that securing and holding on to the ‘Chair of Governance’ is the basic article of faith across the political spectrum in the murky world of Indian politics. All other interests are secondary.

Layout

The subject is appraised in four parts

Part 1 – The Agitation

Part 2 –  Defining National Interest

Part 3 – Geopolitical Review

Part 4 – The Aftermath

 

Part 1 – The Agitation

In a diverse society as is India, divergence and contrarian views should be cause for celebration as they are a much needed escape valve for letting off civil society pressures.”

Geriatric Leaders Versus the Youth

The 23%  voters of the 18 – 30 years age profile, form the largest age group voter block in India. There is no representation of this block in the Central Government Council of Ministers. The next voting block of 30 – 40 years has a representation of mere 2 Ministers. Today, sixty six percent of ministers in the Central Government are above 50 years of age, while the median age of the Prime Ministers has increased to 76 years. The demographic profile of the state governments, with some aberrations, mirrors the above data.

The above statistics suffice to highlight the generational difference in the thought process of the governing leadership and the steadily increasing percentage of the youth in the country.

A Fallible Examination System

Indian Express in its investigative analysis published on 7 June 2026 has documented 45 major examination paper leaks across India over the past 24 years from 2002 to 2026, without any effective systemic reforms by the authorities. Add to it another listed 150 odd individual infractions during the same period, without any effective penalisation of the defaulters, highlights the deep chasm in the priorities of the political leadership and aspirations of the youth.

The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET- UG), is a mandatory pan India examination, for admission to Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) programs. It is conducted annually by the National Testing Agency (NTA), and on average more than 22 lakh candidates undertake this examination. The examination has been surrounded by several controversies since its inception, but the magnitude of the breach in 2026 led to its cancellation.

This followed in quick succession to the controversy surrounding the CBSE Board examination 2026, which was undertaken by over 17 lakh candidates.

Jantar Mantar Ground Agitation July 2026

The 50 days agitation, from 6 June to 25 July 2026, led by the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) ‘youth’ at the Jantar Mantar, New Delhi against the NEET- UG paper leak forced the government on the backfoot. It led to the resignation of the Union Education Minister, and mass sacking of high officials of the NTA.

The most impactful development has been the swift passing of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 by the Parliament. The Bill seeks to amend the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024, to prevent unfair means in public examinations conducted by specified public examination authorities, (i) Union Public Service Commission, (ii) Staff Selection Commission, (iii) Railway Recruitment Boards, (iv) Institute of Banking Personnel Selection, (v) National Testing Agency, (vi) Ministries of the central government and their attached offices, and (vii) other authorities notified by the central government.

 

                                                Part 2 – Defining National Interest

 We the people of India do solemnly resolve to constitute India…assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation.” – excerpts from the Constitution of India

The Theory

In India, the informed debate on model governance is premised on the ‘four pillars of democracy’ the Executive, Parliament, Judiciary, and the Media. It further revolves around the doctrine of ‘separation of power’ and the system of ‘checks and balances’, enshrined in the constitution, between the Executive, the Parliament, and the Judiciary.

The greatest residual power, in any democracy, rests with its citizens on whom the ultimate sovereignty is vested. Therefore, it is incongruent that the role of the citizenry; referred to in the Constitution as “We the people of India…”; is left out of this informed debate. An informed citizenry has the inherent potential to be the biggest strength of a democratic country.

In a democracy, the State ‘personifies the Will’ of its People (citizen) as ‘codified’ in the Constitution; the Executive is just the ‘Government of the day, bounded to discharge only ‘stated responsibilities for a quantified duration of time’; the Legislature is the highest voice of the ‘diverse interest groups within the People’; and the Judiciary is the final ‘arbiter of the will’ of the people as coded in the Constitution.

Hence, it may be fair to state that in a democracy with a written constitution, as is India, the ‘Nation’ combines the sum total of interests representing the State, the Executive, the Legislature, the Judiciary, and the People (citizen).

Hence, national interest should be one that maintains balance within the various subcomponents that collectively form the democratic nation of India, ensures the unity and integrity of the nation, assures dignity of the individual, while promoting national environment conducive to enterprise. 

The Reality

But the reality is more complex. There is a conflict of interests between the State, a ‘non person’ permanent entity, and its sub-component entities that form part of the Nation, where the ‘in persona’ presence of the latter entities is frequently changing.

The injudicious use of the coercive powers of the State vested with the Executive, periodic overreach by the Legislature and Judiciary, non-conformity by sections of the People to the ‘rule of law’, are symptoms of nonequilibrium in the body politic of India, that get further exacerbated by regional, ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and religious diversities.

The observation, “Not all civil protests are in interest of the State, as not all actions or inactions of the Executive are in interest of the State”, is reflective of this malady, and best realised by the happenings of the year 2020, wherein the Republic of India was witness to unprecedented onslaughts across all verticals of its sovereign pillars, the Legislature, Executive, Judiciary and the informal Fourth Estate, the Media.

The threats extended from external armed ingress, Galwan 2020, impinging the territorial integrity of the country; large scale civil society agitations attempting to coerce the Government of the day to repeal ‘Farm laws’ legally passed by the Parliament; ‘Covid 19’ national pandemic leading to economic slowdown deeply impacting the State and its Citizens alike; attempts to influence the Supreme Judiciary through insinuations amounting to willful contempt; and emergence of partisan news coverage by media divided along politico-ideological lines, and of even greater concern, breaching public trust by manipulating TRP ratings.

It is but natural that in the circumstances national interests get subsumed by parochial and political pursuits.

What Defines National Interest!

The Nation progresses best when there is a state of near equilibrium between its various subcomponents. However, it is not always so, especially when there is a deep political divide within the body politic.

Ideally, ‘promoting national environment conducive to enterprise’, covers the full spectrum of national interest. It entails maintaining internal harmony, judicious equilibrium between the subcomponents of the Nation, developing ‘Comprehensive National Power’ that affirms national integrity, and secure access to foreign trade and commerce.

Who Defines National Interest!

The strategic thought leaders do influence the environment. But the decision ultimately rests in the political domain. Seeing the complexities of power in a democratic society, especially one as heterogeneous as India, the defining of ‘national interest’ is best adopted through consensus approach. This is a political responsibility.

But it is also a reality that for the political class, the primacy shall always be to retain hold on the reins of political power. To hold on to the reins of power, participation in periodic elections is an imperative, and this entails ready access to money bags.

Hence, ultimately, the articulation of short term national interest shall always be beholden to the money bags who fund the political campaigns. The greater the political vulnerability, greater shall be the hold of behind the curtain power brokers and financiers, on the levers of political power.

Political stability achieved by clear public mandate in elections is, therefore, the only panacea to ensure that articulation of long term national interest is in synch with the ‘will of the people’; for the greatest residual power in any democracy rests with its citizens, on whom the ultimate sovereignty is vested.


                                                      Part 3 – Geopolitical Review

In contentious times, analysing deeds and recognising patterns in key events is a surer way for an observer to timely deduce the likely turn of events.”

 ‘Operation Sindoor’ of May 2025 has been the most transformational event in the geopolitical interface of India with its enemies, ‘frenemies’, and the fractured comity of nations in India’s near abroad and the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

By successfully calling the Pakistan nuclear bluff, Indian political leadership shed its inhibition to engage in hard strikes against the former, and crafted a new sub-nuclear escalatory deterrence matrix.

Even more important, India proactively changed the traditional diplomatic rules of engagement by unilaterally suspending the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan as a punitive measure.

It prematurely exposed the extent of Chinese and Turkish military support to Pakistan, leading to review of India’s security environment. This has given India valuable time to rearm and restructure its armed forces, ramp up its defensive and economic infrastructure, and build trusted geopolitical alliances.

The unreliability of an alliance with US in crunch situation was re-emphasised. This validated the earlier Indian diplomatic stance of distancing itself from US attempts to transform the informal QUAD grouping into a military alliance against China.

Overall, India’s success in Operation Sindoor brings to it a bag of mixed geopolitical fruits. It has enhanced its status as a reckonable entity in the IOR, opening the door to bilateral security and economic engagements with the littoral states of the IOR.

However, this very success has also begotten negative attention from established extra regional powers, as a serious emerging competitor on the global stage. India shall have to adapt its strategic thought process for action on a broader canvas to break through the constricting geopolitical chains being orchestrated by inimical countries to tie it down in South Asian sub-continent.

The most recent announcement of a ‘Mecca Joint Defence Agreement’ between Saudi Arabia, Turkiye and Pakistan signed at the holiest Muslim seat of Mecca has to be viewed not only from the geopolitical fallout of the ongoing US-Israel conflict with Iran in the Gulf, but also from the military and diplomatic support to Pakistan by China, Turkiye, Saudi Arabia and the US during Operation Sindoor of May 2025.

Despite the diplomatic obfuscation, the alliance is primarily aimed against Iran and its proxies in the Levant region. This alliance, with behind the scenes support by the US, has been under discussion for almost last two years, and as such should not surprise the countries impacted by it. Owing to China’s chokehold over Pakistan security environment, it is logical to deduce that it has the tacit concurrence of China, as it eases its stressed energy supply lines.

The countries needing to be wary of it are Iran, India, Russia, and to certain extent Israel. Iran stands isolated from its supporting militia spread in the Levant, with the powerful military presence of Turkiye on its northwestern borders, and Pakistan to its southeast. A strong Pakistan military contingent is already deployed in Saudi Arabia to its west.

For Israel it’s a mixed bag. While the likelihood of direct confrontation between the Mecca Alliance troops and Iran is remote, it has strong potential to cut off physical support of Iran with its beleaguered militias, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and Houthis in Yemen, while deterring the Iran aligned Shia militias in Iraq from any offensive rocket strikes. However, even when strongly backed by the US, Israel shall be at unease at the marrying of battle hardened military manpower of nuclear armed Pakistan, with technological prowess of Turkiye, and the financial clout of Saudi Arabia. It impacts Israel’s status as a numero uno military power in the Levant.

For Russia, engaged to its east with NATO backed Ukraine, a strong and friendly Iran added depth to its soft southern underbelly. With Iran being isolated, the impact is both military and economic vulnerability, as it forecloses its International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC), a 7,200-km long multi-mode network of ship, rail, road freight route between Iran, Central Asia, Russia, and Europe.

India’s biggest concern shall be access of Pakistan to modern military technology from Turkiye, in addition to Chinese military support. The best option for India is to strengthen its engagement with Iran, to retain access to Afghanistan and materially support its confrontation with Pakistan. It should further strengthen its strategic relationship with Israel, Russia, and UAE and reach strategic understanding with Greece and Cyprus in Türkiye’s near abroad.


Part 4 – The Aftermath

For ‘Akhand Bharat’ to come into being it has to be conceived as a multicultural, multiracial, multiethnic, multi religious entity centred on the landmass of the Indian subcontinent and the adjoining seas, exercising global influence.

Learnings from the Unrest

The defining factor is that an educated electorate is critical for promoting national interest.

A fair and reliable examination system is the foremost duty of the state towards its youth, as it is the litmus test of moral standards in a society.

Hence, the need for urgency in transforming the country’s fractured education system, including overhaul of national examination system.

Objective Analysis

There is no denying the fact that the conduct of the agitators was highly objectionable.

There is substantial evidentiary trail of covert involvement of foreign government and front organisations in influencing the agitation.

But this has been the stance of the Government against earlier agitations too, such as the Farmers agitation of 2020, wherein the Government succumbed to repeal the three Farm Sector Acts 2020, laws duly passed by the Parliament of India by majority vote. That was certainly not in the national interest.

In this instance the movement forced the hand of the government of the day to institute sweeping reforms in the national examinations system. If implemented effectively, it shall be the biggest gift of the government, towards a more aware citizenry and greater probity in society.

It is also most pertinent to record that the Indian leadership has a lot to thank it’s adversaries for covertly orchestrating the Jantar Mantar agitation. Just as during the initial stages of Galwan incident of 2020, it forced the government’s hand in undertaking strategic course correction in the right direction! Apparently, the dynamism of the leadership comes to the fore when faced with an adverse situation.

Future Stance

The negative forces being sequentially activated on various fronts internally within India, and that operating from beyond its borders, have a single point focus, to disrupt the rise of an ‘Akhand Bharat’. This ‘third rising’, even in its infancy is generating energies powerful enough to seed disquiet and unease in the ranks of its internal and external adversaries. This is when no political or nationalist force has openly espoused this goal. Externally, a powerful India adversely impacts the interests of the established great powers. Internally, it sounds the death knell of the hereditary politico-business empires.

There is a strong inevitability of increasing degree of internal strife, preceding the rise of India. But there is a caveat; the internal strife has to be firmly contested and not merely wait patiently for it to fizzle out. This is a time of dissonance and disruption for the Indian body polity; greater the delay, deeper shall be the disruption. The optimum, rather the only way out is to enhance the resonance within, by a public clarion call to rally around the ideology of an ‘Akhand Bharat’.

There shall be adverse consequences, ab initio, in following this path. But they shall be outweighed by the internal consolidation that it shall orchestrate. To radiate outwards, needs a strong internal musculature. It shall generate dynamic ‘shaktis’ (energies) that shall break open the ‘chakravyuh’ (tactical trap) of its adversaries.

Once the nation aligns itself to the vision of an ‘Akhand Bharat’, it shall impart clarity of purpose to the country as a whole as never before. ‘Akhand Bharat’ shall then be the touchstone against which the governance fabric of the country needs to be rebuilt.

Some immediate internal reformative measures that the Government needs to pro-actively initiate to release pent up energies are briefly enumerated below.

Induct youth leaders in positions of power; a low hanging fruit, but a double edged sword if not executed judiciously.

Revitalise the lower administrative, revenue, police, and judicial machinery of the state, which impacts overwhelming percentage of its citizens, by clearing deadwood. This shall be the most difficult to undertake, but shall transform the society in the shortest possible timeframe.

Introduce compulsory military history syllabus in schools across all central and state education board governed schools. This shall exponentially support the primary vision of instituting ‘Agniveer’ entry scheme into the armed forces.

Rethink the impending military theatre command restructuring to support the vision of ‘Akhand Bharat’. What is being proposed is too little, too late, and tantamount to a cosmetic change, that shall merely add another hierarchical layer of command.

All the above measures are interlinked and should not be weighed one against the other for prioritising.


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